Which practice best ensures proper documentation of consent or refusal?

• A. Document only the patient's signature.
• B. Document the date of consent only.
• C. Document consent or refusal and the information provided.
• D. Document the nurse's personal beliefs about the decision.

Answer: (C)

The essential idea is that consent documentation must reflect the entire informed-consent process, not just a signature. The best practice is to record that the patient consented or refused and to include the information that was provided to support that decision. This means noting what procedure was proposed, the risks and benefits, available alternatives, and what could happen if the patient declines. Also include the date and time, who obtained the consent, and any questions or misunderstandings the patient had. This creates a complete, verifiable record for ongoing care and legal protection. Recording only a signature or only the date fails to show that the patient was informed, and documenting the nurse’s personal beliefs is inappropriate and does not reflect the patient’s decision or the informed-consent process.